diff --git a/enterprise/app/models/captain/document.rb b/enterprise/app/models/captain/document.rb
index c278eb879..de048fac2 100644
--- a/enterprise/app/models/captain/document.rb
+++ b/enterprise/app/models/captain/document.rb
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class Captain::Document < ApplicationRecord
   after_create_commit :enqueue_crawl_job
   after_create_commit :update_document_usage
   after_destroy :update_document_usage
-  after_commit :enqueue_response_builder_job, on: :update, if: :should_enqueue_response_builder?
+  after_commit :enqueue_response_builder_job
   scope :ordered, -> { order(created_at: :desc) }
 
   scope :for_account, ->(account_id) { where(account_id: account_id) }
@@ -94,15 +94,21 @@ class Captain::Document < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def enqueue_response_builder_job
-    return if status != 'available'
+    return if destroyed?
+    return unless status == 'available'
 
-    Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob.perform_later(self)
-  end
+    status_became_available = saved_change_to_status?
+    content_now_present = content.present?
+    content_became_present = saved_change_to_content? && content_now_present
 
-  def should_enqueue_response_builder?
-    # Only enqueue when status changes to available
-    # Avoid re-enqueueing when metadata is updated by the job itself
-    saved_change_to_status? && status == 'available'
+    should_enqueue =
+      if pdf_document?
+        status_became_available
+      else
+        (status_became_available && content_now_present) || content_became_present
+      end
+
+    Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob.perform_later(self) if should_enqueue
   end
 
   def update_document_usage
diff --git a/spec/enterprise/models/captain/document_spec.rb b/spec/enterprise/models/captain/document_spec.rb
index 56dc1727c..4eb0964ee 100644
--- a/spec/enterprise/models/captain/document_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/enterprise/models/captain/document_spec.rb
@@ -82,4 +82,161 @@ RSpec.describe Captain::Document, type: :model do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe 'response builder job callback' do
+    before { clear_enqueued_jobs }
+
+    describe 'non-PDF documents' do
+      it 'enqueues when created with available status and content' do
+        expect do
+          create(:captain_document, assistant: assistant, account: account, status: :available)
+        end.to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not enqueue when created available without content' do
+        expect do
+          create(:captain_document, assistant: assistant, account: account, status: :available, content: nil)
+        end.not_to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'enqueues when status transitions to available with existing content' do
+        document = create(:captain_document, assistant: assistant, account: account, status: :in_progress)
+
+        expect do
+          document.update!(status: :available)
+        end.to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not enqueue when status transitions to available without content' do
+        document = create(
+          :captain_document,
+          assistant: assistant,
+          account: account,
+          status: :in_progress,
+          content: nil
+        )
+
+        expect do
+          document.update!(status: :available)
+        end.not_to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'enqueues when content is populated on an available document' do
+        document = create(
+          :captain_document,
+          assistant: assistant,
+          account: account,
+          status: :available,
+          content: nil
+        )
+        clear_enqueued_jobs
+
+        expect do
+          document.update!(content: 'Fresh content from crawl')
+        end.to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'enqueues when content changes on an available document' do
+        document = create(
+          :captain_document,
+          assistant: assistant,
+          account: account,
+          status: :available,
+          content: 'Initial content'
+        )
+        clear_enqueued_jobs
+
+        expect do
+          document.update!(content: 'Updated crawl content')
+        end.to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not enqueue when content is cleared on an available document' do
+        document = create(
+          :captain_document,
+          assistant: assistant,
+          account: account,
+          status: :available,
+          content: 'Initial content'
+        )
+        clear_enqueued_jobs
+
+        expect do
+          document.update!(content: nil)
+        end.not_to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not enqueue for metadata-only updates' do
+        document = create(:captain_document, assistant: assistant, account: account, status: :available)
+        clear_enqueued_jobs
+
+        expect do
+          document.update!(metadata: { 'title' => 'Updated Again' })
+        end.not_to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not enqueue while document remains in progress' do
+        document = create(:captain_document, assistant: assistant, account: account, status: :in_progress)
+
+        expect do
+          document.update!(metadata: { 'title' => 'Updated' })
+        end.not_to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe 'PDF documents' do
+      def build_pdf_document(status:, content:)
+        build(
+          :captain_document,
+          assistant: assistant,
+          account: account,
+          status: status,
+          content: content
+        ).tap do |doc|
+          doc.pdf_file.attach(
+            io: StringIO.new('PDF content'),
+            filename: 'sample.pdf',
+            content_type: 'application/pdf'
+          )
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'enqueues when created available without content' do
+        document = build_pdf_document(status: :available, content: nil)
+
+        expect do
+          document.save!
+        end.to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'enqueues when status transitions to available' do
+        document = build_pdf_document(status: :in_progress, content: nil)
+        document.save!
+        clear_enqueued_jobs
+
+        expect do
+          document.update!(status: :available)
+        end.to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not enqueue when content updates without status change' do
+        document = build_pdf_document(status: :available, content: nil)
+        document.save!
+        clear_enqueued_jobs
+
+        expect do
+          document.update!(content: 'Extracted PDF text')
+        end.not_to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it 'does not enqueue when the document is destroyed' do
+      document = create(:captain_document, assistant: assistant, account: account, status: :available)
+      clear_enqueued_jobs
+
+      expect do
+        document.destroy!
+      end.not_to have_enqueued_job(Captain::Documents::ResponseBuilderJob)
+    end
+  end
 end